Regular coffee is made from coffee beans that have not had the caffeine removed, while decaffeinated (or "decaf") coffee is made from beans that have had most of the caffeine removed. The decaffeination process can be done using a variety of methods, including using solvents like ethyl acetate or methylene chloride, or by using water or carbon dioxide to extract the caffeine.
One of the main differences between regular and decaf coffee is the amount of caffeine they contain. Regular coffee can have anywhere from 60-120 mg of caffeine per 8 oz cup, while decaffeinated coffee typically contains 2-5 mg of caffeine per 8 oz cup. This makes decaf coffee a great option for people who are sensitive to caffeine or want to avoid the jittery side effects that can come with drinking too much regular coffee.
Another difference between regular and decaf coffee is the taste. Because the decaffeination process can slightly alter the taste of the beans, decaf coffee may have a slightly different flavor than regular coffee. Some people find that decaf coffee has a milder taste than regular coffee, while others may not notice much of a difference.
Overall, whether to choose regular or decaf coffee is a matter of personal preference. If you enjoy the taste and effects of caffeine, regular coffee may be the best choice for you. If you are sensitive to caffeine or want to avoid it, decaffeinated coffee may be a better option.